PROJECT-05 / Cloud identity security

AZ-01 — Azure Workload Identity Attack & Secretless Federation Lab

A validated Azure lab tracing a deliberately vulnerable long-lived workload credential and excessive RBAC through controlled attack validation, secretless federation remediation, revalidation, and verified teardown.

State
Validated
Platform
Microsoft Azure / Microsoft Entra ID / GitHub Actions

01 /Security Objective

Validate a bounded workload identity attack path and remediate credential and authorization risks using secretless federation and reduced Azure RBAC scope.

Category: Cloud identity security

02 /Architecture Overview

A Microsoft Entra workload identity accesses synthetic Azure Storage targets, with a separate project-owned negative control. A later validation deployment uses GitHub OIDC federation and container-scoped Storage Blob Data Reader access.

Platform scope

  • Microsoft Azure
  • Microsoft Entra ID
  • GitHub Actions

CONTROL /Controls in Scope

  • Microsoft Entra ID
  • Azure RBAC
  • GitHub OIDC
  • Workload Identity Federation
  • Terraform
  • Least privilege

03 /Implementation Record

Terraform defines the vulnerable identity baseline and later GitHub OIDC + Microsoft Entra workload identity federation remediation. Least-privilege Azure RBAC reduction limits the intended read path to one synthetic-data container. DevSecOps hardening adds Terraform static validation, IaC scanning, and current-content secret scanning without Azure authentication.

Delivery
Terraform, controlled Azure CLI validation, and GitHub Actions static security CI

04 /Validation Record

Validation method
Bounded Azure RBAC attack-path tests use synthetic data and project-owned targets only. Positive post-remediation tests validate OIDC authentication and intended blob reads; negative tests record explicit denials for tested management-plane actions, writes, negative-control access, and account-level container listing. Terraform destroy and bounded cleanup verification document teardown; controlled CI failure validation checks the formatting gate.
Evidence record
Sanitized baseline, attack, federation, post-remediation, teardown, and CI validation records

WORKFLOW /Engineering Lifecycle

  1. 01Design
  2. 02Deploy
  3. 03Validate vulnerable baseline
  4. 04Controlled attack validation
  5. 05Capture evidence
  6. 06Remediate
  7. 07Revalidate
  8. 08Capture remediation evidence
  9. 09Destroy
  10. 10Verify cleanup
  11. 11Harden CI

05 /Current State & Limitations

Validated

Results apply only to tested actions and known project-owned targets. Baseline and remediated deployments used separate validation windows; the retired credential was not replayed in place. The Azure environment is destroyed. This lab does not establish universal least privilege, penetration-test coverage, production suitability, or broader Azure security assurance.

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